Figure 4 Effect of paclitaxel on palmitate-induced reactive oxygen species and antioxidant molecules. (A) Western blot (left) and densitometry (right) showing Nox4 and Nrf-2 expression. Error bar represents the mean±SEM (n=3) (B) Representative images of palmitate-induced dichlorofluorescein fluorescence (DCF). Podocytes were treated with 300 μM palmitate with or without paclitaxel for 18 h, and 10 μM of CM-H2DCF-DA was used for treatment at 37°C for 30 min. Bar=200 μm. (C) Histogram analysis of the results shown in (B). Error bar represents the mean±SEM (n=5). (D) Real-time PCR of HO-1, SOD-1, and SOD-2 was normalized by β-actin mRNA level in the same sample. Error bar represents the mean±SEM (n=3). BSA – bovine serum albumin; PA – palmitate; PTX – paclitaxel. * P<0.05, ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001 compared with palmitate.