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13 October 2019 : Case report  Latvia

Long-Term Response to Vasoactive Treatment in a Case of Kyphoscoliosis-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension

Unusual setting of medical care

Jonas Tellermann1BE, Matiss Sablinskis1E, Patricia Raquel Ribeiro Machado1F, Kristaps Sablinskis12DF, Andris Skride12ABDE*

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.917154

Am J Case Rep 2019; 20:1505-1508

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Kyphoscoliosis is an anatomical deformity of the spine often accompanied by an array of respiratory complications, pulmonary hypertension being among the most severe ones. At present, evidence-based treatment options for kyphoscoliosis-related pulmonary hypertension remain limited to the correction of hypoxemia through ventilatory support and long-term oxygenation.

CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 61-year-old female with severe kyphoscoliosis-related pulmonary hypertension who was admitted to a university hospital in September 2018 due to progressive dyspnea and respiratory failure. She was diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension in 2016 and had been on endothelin receptor antagonist (ambrisentan) and oxygen therapy ever since. Upon admission, the patient presented with severe depression of peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂ at 75%). The patient declined further treatment hours after hospitalization, despite optimized supportive oxygen therapy. Ambrisentan was discontinued and replaced by inhaled iloprost. Over the course of the next 4 days, the patient showed symptomatic improvement and was discharged on Day 5. Right heart catheterization follow-up in February 2019 showed no worsening in pulmonary hemodynamic parameters compared to the time of initial diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS: Managing the respiratory decline in kyphoscoliosis-related pulmonary hypertension can be challenging since these patients tend to deteriorate despite current treatment options. Our case reports on the use of vasoactive agents as a safe and effective treatment option in addition to established therapeutic regimen.

Keywords: Hypertension, Pulmonary, Kyphosis, Scoliosis, Iloprost, Vasodilator Agents

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923