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12 April 2020 : Clinical Research  

The Necessity of Clinical Rh Phenotypic Serological Detection and Homotypic Infusion in Patients with Repeated Blood Transfusion

Yan Liu1CE, Yan Lv1B, Dandan Xu1D, Jianping Cao1C, Mengqing Wang1F, Jue Xie1AG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.921058

Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921058

Abstract

BACKGROUND: This study analyzed the distribution of Rh serological phenotype in people living in Hangzhou, China, and assessed the necessity of its routine clinical detection and homotypic infusion.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Blood donors and patients who might need blood transfusion were enrolled into the study, and ABO and 5 major Rh serological antigens (C, c, D, E, and e) were routinely detected. The consistent ABO and Rh serological phenotype blood was transfused between the blood donors and recipients. Irregular antibodies were screened and identified in patients before the blood transfusion. Then, the transfusion adverse effects were monitored and compared with the previous data in the hospital.

RESULTS: The phenotypic frequencies of Rh blood groups were D>C>E>c>e. The CCDee was the most common phenotype and CcdEe was the least common. The detection rate of unexpected antibodies gradually increased, while the unexpected antibodies slowly decreased in the Rh system. There was a correlation between the isotypic infusion of 5 Rh antigens and the detection rate of antibodies in the Rh system (R=0.845). The adverse effects of blood transfusion declined from 19.95% in 2011 with just homotypic ABO infusion to 3.098% in 2019 with the transfusion of homotypic ABO and the 5 major Rh serological antigens.

CONCLUSIONS: The consistency of the transfusion with ABO and 5 significant Rh serological antigens could prevent and decrease the high frequency production of isoantibodies, which is of vital importance in reducing the incidence rate of adverse effects in patients receiving transfusions.

Keywords: Blood Transfusion, Erythrocyte Transfusion, Immunization, Passive, Rh-Hr Blood-Group System, ABO Blood-Group System, Blood Donors, Blood Grouping and Crossmatching, Phenotype, Transfusion reaction

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750