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29 April 2016 : Clinical Research  

Association Between CHRNA3 and CHRNA5 Nicotine Receptor Subunit Gene Variants and Nicotine Dependence in an Isolated Population of Kashubians in Poland

Karolina Kita-MilczarskaABCDEF, Alicja SieminskaBCDEFG, Ewa JassemADEG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.895907

Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:1442-1450

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Genome-wide and allelic association studies have shown the contribution of CHRNA5-A3-B4 nicotinic receptor subunit gene cluster within chromosome 15 to nicotine dependence (ND). While an association between several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at that locus and smoking quantity (cigarettes per day; CPD) has been well recognized, there are some inconsistencies in demonstrating the influence of these SNPs on other ND phenotypes. This uncertainty motivated us to examine the association of 3 selected SNPs (CHRNA3 rs1051730, rs6495308, and CHRNA5 rs55853898) with ND in an isolated population of Kashubians from Poland. 

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study sample consisted of 788 current daily smokers. ND was assessed by CPD, the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), its brief version - Heavy Smoking Index (HSI), and time to first cigarette after waking (TTF). The correlation between studied SNPs and dichotomized values of ND measures was assessed in the regression analysis. Bonferroni corrected p-value of 0.017 was set for a type 1 error. 

RESULTS: We found a robust association between risk allele A of rs1051730 and CPD >10 (odds ratio (OR)=1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20-2.59, p=0.004), and a weak association, which did not survive correction for multiple testing, with FTND ³4. No associations between studied SNPs and HSI or TTF were demonstrated. 

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm that rs1051730 influences ND phenotype, as defined by CPD. 

Keywords: Demography, Ethnic Groups - genetics, Gene Frequency - genetics, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome, Human, Logistic Models, Nerve Tissue Proteins - genetics, Poland, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - genetics, Protein Subunits - genetics, Receptors, Nicotinic - genetics, Smoking - genetics, Tobacco Use Disorder - genetics

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750