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01 August 2019 : Clinical Research  

Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Control on Carotid Morphology and Hemodynamics in Chinese Patients with Hyperhomocysteinemia-Type Hypertension and High Risk of Stroke

Wenjing Wu1ABCDEF, Jian Liu2BCDE, Aili Li1BCD, Jiahui Li1BCD, Yiyun Yang1BCD, Xiaojun Ye1ACG*, Jingang Zheng1ACG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.914482

Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:5717-5726

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Different blood pressure targets should be formulated for different groups of people. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of intensive blood control in improving the carotid morphology and hemodynamics in Chinese patients with hyperhomocysteinemia-type hypertension and high risk of stroke.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Chinese hypertensive patients with high risk of stroke were randomized to intensive (n=187) and standard (n=192; controls) blood pressure management groups. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) targets were 100< SBP ≤120 and 120< SBP ≤140 mmHg, respectively. All patients received folic acid 0.8 mg/d and atorvastatin 20 mg/d. Calcium antagonist was first used. If blood pressure was still uncontrolled, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor antagonist, β-receptor blocker, and diuretics were added successively. Follow-up was 12 months. Carotid features, hemodynamics, and adverse events were examined.

RESULTS: There were no differences in sex, age, body mass index, blood lipids, baseline carotid parameters, and histories of smoking, diabetes, statin use, and stroke between the 2 groups. Carotid plaques after 12 months of treatment were 19.4±2.1 and 23.6±3.1 cm² for the intensive and control groups, respectively (P=0.038). Plaque scores were lower in the intensive group (1.75±0.52 vs. 2.45±0.47, P=0.023). Compared with controls, intensive management resulted in relatively higher Vd and significantly lower Vs/Vd, PI, and RI (all P<0.05). Major adverse events such as hypotension (n=5 (2.7%) vs. 3 (1.6%), P=0.020) and dizziness (n=20 (10.7%) vs. 16 (8.3%), P=0.041) were more frequent in the intensive group.

CONCLUSIONS: Intensive blood pressure management could be beneficial for Chinese patients with hyperhomocysteinemia-type hypertension and high risk of stroke.

Keywords: Hypertension, Risk, Stroke, angiotensin receptor antagonists, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Antihypertensive Agents, Asians, Blood Pressure, Blood Pressure Determination, Calcium Channel Blockers, Carotid Arteries, Hemodynamics, Hyperhomocysteinemia, Random Allocation

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750