18 December 2019 : Clinical Research
Effect of Periodontitis and Toothbrushing Frequency on Obesity Onset: A Cohort Study
Toyoko Morita12ACDEFG, Yoji Yamazaki1ACDEFG, Misae Seto3B, Takashi Yamamoto1AG, Kumiko Nakai24DFG, Hideki Tanaka24DFG, Manami Ozaki24FG, Ryosuke Koshi2DF, Masao Maeno5ADE, Takayuki Kawato64ADEFG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.917356
Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:9712-9720
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The interplay between obesity and periodontitis has been widely examined. While obesity was reported as a risk factor for periodontitis, the inverse relationship is still little explored. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether periodontitis and toothbrushing frequency affect the onset of obesity.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cohort study included 1619 employees of a business enterprise headquartered in Tokyo, who in 2002 and 2006 underwent in prescribed annual health checks, both general and dental-specific, and who were not obese in 2002 (body mass index <25). The response variable was obesity (or absence) at 4 years, while the explanatory variables were presence/absence of periodontal pockets and toothbrushing frequency in 2002; their relationships were examined by multiple logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: Subjects with periodontal pockets ≥4 mm showed a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for onset of obesity at 4 years than those without periodontal pockets [OR: 1.59, 95% CI (confidence interval): 1.08–2.35, p<0.05]. Similarly, subjects who brushed their teeth ≥3 times/day had a significantly lower obesity OR than those who brushed ≤1 time/day (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.28–0.85, p<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of periodontal pockets and toothbrushing frequency are significantly associated with the onset of obesity. Periodontal pockets ≥4 mm are associated with increased risk of obesity, while frequent toothbrushing (≥3 times/day) appears to reduce the risk of obesity.
Keywords: chronic periodontitis, Cohort Studies, Obesity, Abdominal, Toothbrushing, Obesity, Periodontal Pocket, periodontitis, young adult
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