Prediction of New-Onset and Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation by Complete Blood Count Tests: A Comprehensive Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Alexander Weymann; Sadeq Ali-Hasan-Al-Saegh; Anton Sabashnikov; Aron-Frederik Popov; Seyed Jalil Mirhosseini; Tong Liu; Mohammadreza Lotfaliani; Michel Pompeu Barros de Oliveira Sá; William L. L. Baker; Senol Yavuz; Mohamed Zeriouh; Jae-Sik Jang; Hamidreza Dehghan; Lei Meng; Luca Testa; Fabrizio D'Ascenzo; Umberto Benedetto; Gary Tse; Luis Nombela-Franco; Pascal M. Dohmen; Abhishek J. Deshmukh; Cecilia Linde; Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai; Gregg W. Stone; Hugh Calkins; Integrated Meta-Analysis of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology-Group [IMCSC-Group]

doi:10.12659/MSMBR.903320

12 May 2017 : Meta-Analysis

Prediction of New-Onset and Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation by Complete Blood Count Tests: A Comprehensive Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Alexander Weymann^{DE 1*}, Sadeq Ali-Hasan-Al-Saegh^{BCDE 2}, Anton Sabashnikov^{DE 3,4}, Aron-Frederik Popov^{E 3,5}, Seyed Jalil Mirhosseini^{AD 6}, Tong Liu^{F 7}, Mohammadreza Lotfaliani^{F 6}, Michel Pompeu Barros de Oliveira Sá^{D 8,9}, William L. L. Baker^{B 10}, Senol Yavuz^{B 11}, Mohamed Zeriouh^{B 3,4}, Jae-Sik Jang^{B 12}, Hamidreza Dehghan^{C 13}, Lei Meng^{A 7}, Luca Testa^{D 14}, Fabrizio D'Ascenzo^{EF 15}, Umberto Benedetto^{AC 16}, Gary Tse^{CD 17}, Luis Nombela-Franco^{CF 18}, Pascal M. Dohmen^{EG 1,19}, Abhishek J. Deshmukh^{AF 20}, Cecilia Linde^{E 21}, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai^{AC 22,23}, Gregg W. Stone^{DE 24}, Hugh Calkins^{ADE 25}, Integrated Meta-Analysis of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology-Group [IMCSC-Group]

DOI: 10.12659/MSMBR.903320

Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2017; 23:179-222

Authors information Article notes Copyright and License information

¹Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Oldenburg, European Medical School Oldenburg-Groningen, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
²Afshar Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
³Department of Cardiothoracic Transplantation and Mechanical Circulatory Support, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
⁴Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
⁵Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
⁶Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
⁷Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
⁸Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco – PROCAPE, Recife, Brazil
⁹ University of Pernambuco – UPE, Recife, Brazil
¹⁰Department of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut/Hartford Hospital Evidence-Based Practice Center, Hartford, USA
¹¹Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Yıldırım/Bursa, Turkey
¹²Department of Cardiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Jin-gu, South Korea
¹³Department of Health Technology Assessment, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Isfahan, Iran
¹⁴Department of Cardiology, IRCCS Pol. S. Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
¹⁵Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
¹⁶Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, School of Clinical Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom
¹⁷Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
¹⁸ Instituto Cardiovascular, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
¹⁹Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
²⁰Mayo Clinic Heart Rhythm Section, Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
²¹Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institut, Solna, Sweden
²²Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
²³Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
²⁴New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
²⁵Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, USA

^*Corresponding Author: Alexander Weymann, e-mail: [email protected]
^*Corresponding Author: Seyed Jalil Mirhosseini, e-mail: [email protected]

^AStudy design/planning
^BData collection/entry
^CData analysis/statistics
^DData interpretation
^EPreparation of manuscript
^FLiterature analysis/search
^GFunds collection

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Supplementary Table 3 Subgroup-analysis.

Subgroup	Studies (N)	WMD (95% CI)	I-squared and Heterogeneity-P-value and Effect-P-value respectively	Is this general item as heterogeneity factor?1.Yes, probably2. No




				No
>2000	43	−23.75 (−25.22 to −22.29)	91% and 0.001 and 0.001
≤2000	5	−56.50 (−61.45 to −51.55)	90.7% and 0.001 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
Asian	7	−3.88 (−10.98 to 3.22)	13.8% and 0.324 and 0.284
European	36	−29.41 (−30.95 to −27.88)	93.7% and 0.001 and 0.001
Africa	–	–	–
North American	4	−12.11 (−16.25 to −7.96)	0.0% and 0.476 and 0.001
South American	–	–	–
Australia	1	−23 (−40.50 to −5.49)	–

				No
Cohort	8	−29.09 (−31.01 to −27.16)	92.4% and 0.001 and 0.001
Case-control	40	−23.30 (−25.36 to −21.25)	93% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>300	2	−6.33 (−19.68 to 7.03)	0.0% and 0.689 and 0.353
≤300	46	−26.61 (−28.02 to −25.20)	93.1% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>60 years	35	−27.69 (−29.13 to −26.25)	94% and 0.001 and 0.001
≤60 years	8	−2.68 (−9.46 to 4.10)	78.4% and 0.001 and 0.438

				No
>70%	9	−29.76 (−31.69 to −27.83)	83.8% and 0.001 and 0.001
≤70%	32	−15.69 (−17.94 to −13.43)	90.5% and 0.001 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
>30%	3	−0.27 (−9.57 to 9.01)	35.9% and 0.210 and 0.953
≤30%	35	−24.77 (−26.27 to −23.26)	92.2% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	39	−24.91 (−26.38 to −23.44)	92.5% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>30%	10	−16.36 (−21.68 to −11.04)	92.8% and 0.001 and 0.001
≤30%	20	−22.62 (−25.67 to −19.56)	92.4% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	13	−28.39 (−30.26 to −26.52)	85.7% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	22	−25.47 (−27.18 to −23.76)	86.5% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	21	−25.33 (−27.06 to −23.61)	88% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	21	−25.36 (−27.06 to −23.66)	86.6% and 0.001 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
1	10	−52.72 (−56.32 to −49.12)	92.3% and 0.001 and 0.001
2	3	1.69 (−17.11 to 20.53)	67.3% and 0.047 and 0.860
3	6	−10.36 (−21.43 to 0.69)	0.0% and 0.703 and 0.066
4	19	−24.85 (−26.58 to −23.13)	91.6% and 0.001 and 0.001
5	9	−11.38 (−14.88 to −7.88)	36.4% and 0.127 and 0.001
6	1	17.40 (−6.03 to 40.83)	–

				Yes, probably
Chronic	16	−2.80 (−7.77 to 2.16)	18.1% and 0.246 and 0.268
Non-chronic	11	−20.88 (−23.55 to −18.20)	95.7% and 0.001 and 0.001

Type of AF				Yes, probably
Paroxysmal	5	−3.72 (−9.24 to 1.79)	72.1% and 0.006 and 0.186
Persistent	3	−41.93 (−46.40 to −37.46)	97.4% and 0.001 and 0.001
Permanent	6	−5.09 (−11.96 to 1.78)	55.3% and 0.048 and 0.147




>2000	All of studies: after 2000
≤2000

				No
Asian	3	1.37 (1.16 to 1.58)	95.9% and 0.001 and 0.001
European	19	0.39 (0.35 to 0.43)	95.2% and 0.001 and 0.001
Africa	–	–	–
North American	–	–	–
South American	–	–	–
Australia	1	−0.20 (−0.63 to 0.23)	–

				No
Cohort	4	1.37 (1.14 to 1.60)	94.7% and 0.001 and 0.001
Case-control	19	0.39 (0.35 to 0.43)	95.4% and 0.001 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
>300	2	0.90 (0.67 to 1.13)	0.0% and 0.666 and 0.001
≤300	21	0.41 (0.36 to 0.45)	96% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>60 years	16	0.58 (0.54 to 0.63)	94.1and 0.001 and 0.001
≤60 years	4	0.23 (0.05 to 0.42)	93.5% and 0.001 and 0.012

				No
>70%	6	0.59 (0.46 to 0.71)	93.9% and 0.001 and 0.001
≤70%	16	0.40 (0.36 to 0.44)	96.4% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>30%	4	0.63 (0.57 to 0.69)	96.8% and 0.001 and 0.001
≤30%	16	0.49 (0.42 to 0.57)	92.7% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	20	0.58 (0.53 to 0.62)	93.8% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>30%	8	0.68 (0.62 to 0.74)	94.7% and 0.001 and 0.001
≤30%	8	0.37 (0.28 to 0.45)	92.1% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	9	0.54 (0.49 to 0.59)	94.3% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	11	0.57 (0.52 to 0.62)	95.8% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	11	0.66 (0.60 to 0.71)	94.7% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	12	0.55 (0.50 to 0.60)	95.8% and 0.001 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
1	–	–	–
2	1	0.80 (0.26 to 1.33)	–
3	3	0.081 (−0.109 to 0.272)	66.1% and 0.053 and 0.404
4	10	0.67 (0.62 to 0.73)	95.1% and 0.001 and 0.001
5	8	0.108 (0.046 to 0.17)	93.6% and 0.001 and 0.001
6	1	1.10 (0.75 to 1.45)	–

				No
Chronic	8	0.55 (0.49 to 0.60)	95.7% and 0.001 and 0.001
Non-chronic	3	0.85 (0.58 to 1.13)	88.6% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
Paroxysmal	1	1.70 (1.20. to 2.19)	–
Persistent	1	0.32 (−0.09 to 0.73)	–
Permanent	4	0.28 (0.17 to 0.38)	91.7% and 0.001 and 0.001




>2000	All of studies: after 2000
≤2000

				No
Asian	15	0.001 (−0.058 to 0.06)	80.8% and 0.001 and 0.973
European	25	−0.05 (−0.13 to 0.023)	89.3% and 0.001 and 0.159
Africa	–	–	–
North American	2	0.828 (0.46 to 1.187)	0.0% and 0.365 and 0.001
South American	–		–
Australia	–		–

				Yes, probably
Cohort	4	0.370 (−0.083 to 0.823)	13.2% and 0.326 and 0.109
Case-control	38	−0.009 (−0.057 to 0.039)	88.2% and 0.001 and 0.708

				No
>300	5	0.035 (−0.047 to 0.117)	84.8% and 0.001 and 0.403
≤300	37	−0.025 (−0.083 to 0.033)	87.7% and 0.001 and 0.398

				No
>60 years	27	−0.060 (−0.140 to 0.019)	88.3% and 0.001 and 0.136
≤60 years	15	0.025 (−0.033 to 0.084)	85.2% and 0.001 and 0.397

				No
>70%	11	0.009 (−0.051 to 0.070)	86.4% and 0.001 and 0.761
≤70%	31	−0.027 (−0.102 to 0.048)	87.8% and 0.001 and 0.481

				Yes, probably
>30%	2	0.216 (−0.419 to 0.852)	0.0% and 0.789 and 0.505
≤30%	38	0.055 (0.005 to 0.104)	85% and 0.001 and 0.030

				Yes, probably
>70%	2	−0.743 (−0.952 to −0.535)	0.0% and 0.873 and 0.001
≤70%	39	0.097 (0.046 to 0.147)	80.5% and 0.001 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
>30%	11	0.053 (−0.010 to 0.115)	26.4% and 0.193 and 0.102
≤30%	16	0.231 (0.123 to 0.339)	83.9% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	8	0.061 (−0.102 to 0.224)	41.9% and 0.099 and 0.464

				No
>70%	1	−0.70 (−1.269 to −0.131)	–
≤70%	21	0.012 (−0.086 to 0.111)	83.2% and 0.001 and 0.804

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	21	−0.00 (−0.057 to 0.506)	81.8% and 0.001 and 0.990

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	21	0.071 (0.015 to 0.127)	76.2% and 0.001 and 0.012

				Yes, Probably
1	1	−0.70 (−0.875 to −0.525)	–
2	3	0.661 (−0.627 to 1.949)	0.0% and 0.924 and 0.314
3	9	−0.232 (−0.397 to −0.067)	85.4% and 0.001 and 0.006
4	8	0.054 (−0.006 to 0.115)	87.6% and 0.001 and 0.077
5	20	0.132 (0.030 to 0.233)	85% and 0.001 and 0.011
6	1	0.400 (−0.220 to 1.020)	–

				Yes, probably
Chronic	8	0.125 (−0.048 to 0.299)	0.0% and 0.833 and 0.156
Non-chronic	22	−0.050 (−0.102 to 0.001)	92% and 0.001 and 0.056

				Yes, probably
Paroxysmal	9	−0.087 (−0.161 to −0.014)	88.6% and 0.001 and 0.020
Persistent	6	−0.019 (−0.101 to 0.062)	95.2% and 0.001 and 0.641
Permanent	5	0.069 (−0.120 to 0.259)	0.0% and 0.958 and 0.473




>2000	All of studies: after 2000
≤2000

				No
Asian	–	–	–
European	9	0.901 (0.802 to 1.000)	94% and 0.001 and 0.001
Africa	–	–	–
North American	1	−0.640 (−1.711 to 0.431)	–
South American	–		–
Australia	–		–

				No
Cohort	1	−0.640 (−1.711 to 0.431)	–
Case-control	9	0.901 (0.802 to 1.000)	94% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>300	1	1.200 (−0.789 to 3.189)	–
≤300	9	0.887 (0.789 to 0.986)	94.3% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>60 years	7	1.030 (0.919 to 1.141)	91.5% and 0.001 and 0.001
≤60 years	3	0.365 (0.152 to 0.579)	95.1% and 0.001 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
>70%	2	−0.277 (−1.170 to 0.716)	60.8% and 0.110 and 0.637
≤70%	8	0.901 (0.801 to 1.00)	94.7% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>30%	1	0.670 (0.201 to 1.139)	–
≤30%	9	0.898 (0.797 to 0.999)	94.3% and 0.001 and 0.001


>70%	All of studies: ≤70%
≤70%

				No
>30%	3	0.492 (0.072 to 0.912)	62.5% and 0.069 and 0.022
≤30%	6	0.928 (0.824 to 1.032)	96.2% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	1	0.600 (0.146 to 1.054)	–

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	3	1.025 (0.687 to 1.364)	91.2% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	2	0.630 (0.187 to 1.072)	0.0% and 0.564 and 0.005

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	4	0.408 (0.215 to 0.601)	92.8% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
1	–	–	–
2	1	1.200 (−0.789 to 3.189)	–
3	3	0.365 (0.152 to 0.579)	95.1% and 0.001 and 0.001
4	1	0.600 (0.146 to 1.054)	–
5	4	1.081 (0.962 to 1.199)	95.4% and 0.001 and 0.001
6	1	0.700 (0.236 to 1.164)	–

				No
Chronic	–	–	–
Non-chronic	4	0.689 (0.538 to 0.840)	0.0% and 0.935 and 0.001

				No
Paroxysmal	1	0.700 (0.529 to 0.871)	–
Persistent	2	0.634 (0.308 to 0.960)	0.0% and 0.833 and 0.001
Permanent	–	–	–




>2000	All of studies: after 2000
≤2000

				Yes, probably
Asian	1	0.260 (0.065 to 0.455)	–
European	6	0.873 (0.806 to 0.941)	0.0% and 0.613 and 0.001
Africa	-	–	–
North American	1	0.280 (0.196 to 0.364)	–
South American	-	–	–
Australia	-		–


Cohort	All of studies: case-control
Case-control

				No
>300	1	0.500 (−0.039 to 1.039)	–
≤300	7	0.615 (0.564 to 0.666)	95.5% and 0.001 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
>60 years	4	0.412 (0.338 to 0.485)	92.8% and 0.001 and 0.001
≤60 years	3	0.885 (0.809 to 0.961)	0.0% and 0.716 and 0.001

				No
>70%	1	0.500 (−0.039 to 1.039)	–
≤70%	6	0.641 (0.588 to 0.694)	95.8% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>30%	-	–	–
≤30%	7	0.640 (0.587 to 0.692)	95% and 0.001 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
>70%	2	0.856 (0.700 to 1.011)	0.0% and 0.337 and 0.001
≤70%	5	0.612 (0.556 to 0.668)	96.4% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>30%	1	0.500 (−0.039 to 1.039)	–
≤30%	3	0.885 (0.809 to 0.961)	0.0% and 0.716 and 0.001


>70%	No Data
≤70%

				No
>70%	-	–	–
≤70%	2	1.021 (0.615 to 1.426)	0.0% and 0.636 and 0.001

				No
>70%	-	–	–
≤70%	1	0.500 (−0.039 to 1.039)	–

				No
>70%	-	–	–
≤70%	3	0.885 (0.809 to 0.961)	0.0% and 0.716 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
1	-	–	–
2	1	0.500 (−0.039 to 1.039)	–
3	4	0.875 (0.806 to 0.944)	0.0% and 0.796 and 0.001
4	-	–	–
5	3	0.297 (0.221 to 0.373)	80.7% and 0.006 and 0.001
6	-	–	–

				No
Chronic	-	–	–
Non-chronic	4	0.379 (0.310 to 0.448)	91.6% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
Paroxysmal	1	0.260 (0.065 to 0.455)	–
Persistent	-	–	–
Permanent	-	–	–




>2000	All of studies: after 2000
≤2000

				No
Asian	1	−0.300 (−1.364 to 0.764)	–
European	1	1.000 (−0.337 to 2.337)	–
Africa	-	–	–
North American	1	−0.280 (−0.706 to 0.146)	–
South American	-	–	–
Australia	1	1.000 (−0.998 to 2.998)	–


Cohort	All of studies: Case-control
Case-control

				No
>300	1	−0.300 (−1.364 to 0.764)	–
≤300	3	−0.116 (−0.514 to 0.283)	55% and 0.108 and 0.569

				No
>60 years	2	−0.283 (−0.679 to 0.113)	0.0% and 0.162 and 0.973
≤60 years	2	1.000 (−0.111 to 2.111)	0.0% and 1.000 and 0.078

				No
>70%	1	1.000 (−0.998 to 2.998)	–
≤70%	3	−0.179 (−0.559 to 0.200)	38.5% and 0.197 and 0.354

				No
>30%	-	–	–
≤30%	3	−0.179 (−0.559 to 0.200)	38.5% and 0.197 and 0.354

				No
>70%	-	–	–
≤70%	3	−0.179 (−0.559 to 0.200)	38.5% and 0.197 and 0.354

				No
>30%	-	–	–
≤30%	2	0.204 (−0.628 to 1.037)	55% and 0.136 and 0.631

				No
>70%	-	–	–
≤70%	1	−0.300 (−1.364 to 0.764)	–

				No
>70%	-	–	–
≤70%	1	−0.300 (−1.364 to 0.764)	–

				No
>70%	-	–	–
≤70%	1	−0.300 (−1.364 to 0.764)	–

				No
>70%	-	–	–
≤70%	2	0.204 (−0.628 to 1.037)	55% and 0.136 and 0.631

				No
1	–	–	–
2	–	–	–
3	1	1.000 (−0.337 to 2.337)	–
4	1	−0.300 (−1.364 to 0.764)	–
5	2	−0.224 (−0.641 to 0.193)	33.7% and 0.219 and 0.292
6	–	–	–

				No
Chronic	–	–	–
Non-chronic	1	−0.280 (−0.706 to 0.146)	–

				No
Paroxysmal	–	–	–
Persistent	–	–	–
Permanent	–	–	–




>2000	All of studies: after 2000
≤2000

				No
Asian	–	–	–
European	9	0.552 (0.004 to 1.100)	53.4% and 0.028 and 0.048
Africa	–	–	–
North American	1	2.670 (2.168 to 3.172)	–
South American	–	–	–
Australia	1	3.000 (1.605 to 4.395)	–


Cohort	All of studies: Case-control
Case-control


>300	All of studies: ≤300
≤300

				No
>60 years	10	1.704 (1.334 to 2.075)	81.4% and 0.001 and 0.001
≤60 years	1	3.000 (1.605 to 4.395)	–

				No
>70%	3	1.666 (0.767 to 2.566)	67% and 0.048 and 0.001
≤70%	8	1.813 (1.423 to 2.203)	84.6% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>30%	–	–	–
≤30%	8	1.691 (1.299 to 2.083)	84.6% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	8	1.691 (1.299 to 2.083)	84.6% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>30%	–	–	–
≤30%	5	−0.064 (−0.805 to 0.678)	39.4% and 0.158 and 0.867

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	4	0.402 (−0.488 to 1.292)	0.0% and 0.753 and 0.376

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	4	0.402 (−0.488 to 1.292)	0.0% and 0.753 and 0.376

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	4	0.402 (−0.488 to 1.292)	0.0% and 0.753 and 0.376

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	4	0.402 (−0.488 to 1.292)	0.0% and 0.753 and 0.376

				Yes, probably
1	2	1.819 (0.693 to 2.945)	65.9% and 0.087 and 0.002
2	–	–	–
3	2	−0.021 (−1.381 to 1.340)	0.0% and 0.477 and 0.976
4	4	0.852 (0.001 to 1.704)	0.0% and 0.985 and 0.050
5	3	2.230 (1.787 to 2.673)	93.9% and 0.001 and 0.001
6	–	–	–

				No
Chronic	5	0.062 (−0.635 to 0.759)	46.9% and 0.110 and 0.861
Non-chronic	3	2.611 (2.141 to 3.082)	18.5% and 0.293 and 0.001

				No
Paroxysmal	1	1.000 (−1.122 to 3.122)	–
Persistent	–	–	–
Permanent	4	0.617 (−0.215 to 1.450)	0.0% and 0.603 and 0.146



				No
>2000	25	0.024 (−0.038 to 0.087)	91.1% and 0.001 and 0.444
≤2000	2	1.076 (0.522 to 1.630)	85.2% and 0.009 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
Asian	2	−0.048 (−0.366 to 0.271)	0.0% and 0.758 and 0.769
European	21	−0.150 (−0.219 to −0.081)	76.8% and 0.001 and 0.001
Africa	–	–	–
North American	4	0.994 (0.840 to 1.149)	89.4% and 0.001 and 0.001
South American	–	–	–
Australia	–	–	–

				Yes, probably
Cohort	6	−0.093 (−0.142 to −0.044)	0.0% and 0.488 and 0.001
Case-control	21	0.102 (0.024 to 0.181)	92.8% and 0.001 and 0.011

				No
>300	1	−0.100 (−0.643 to 0.443)	–
≤300	26	0.039 (−0.023 to 0.102)	91.4% and 0.001 and 0.216

				No
>60 years	20	0.033 (−0.032 to 0.098)	92.5% and 0.001 and 0.317
≤60 years	5	−0.077 (−0.297 to 0.143)	73.5% and 0.005 and 0.494

				No
>70%	6	−0.040 (−0.143 to 0.063)	75.1% and 0.001 and 0.447
≤70%	19	0.062 (−0.017 to 0.140)	92.7% and 0.001 and 0.123

				Yes, probably
>30%	2	−0.048 (−0.366 to 0.271)	0.0% and 0.758 and 0.769
≤30%	23	0.027 (−0.036 to 0.091)	91.8% and 0.001 and 0.401

				Yes, probably
>70%	2	−0.275 (−0.481 to 0.070)	0.0% and 0.583 and 0.009
≤70%	23	0.055 (−0.011 to 0.120)	91.6% and 0.001 and 0.102

				Yes, probably
>30%	8	−0.054 (−0.223 to 0.114)	0.0% and 0.597 and 0.529
≤30%	10	−0.308 (−0.422 to −0.193)	80.8% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	9	−0.184 (−0.267 to −0.100)	84.9% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	13	−0.192 (−0.272 to −0.112)	80.6% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	10	−0.017 (−0.114 to 0.079)	58% and 0.011 and 0.729

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	14	−0.172 (−0.251 to −0.094)	80.8% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
1	2	1.076 (0.522 to 1.630)	85.2% and 0.009 and 0.001
2	1	−0.100 (−0.643 to 0.443)	–
3	6	−0.183 (−0.355 to −0.011)	73.3% and 0.002 and 0.037
4	9	−0.005 (−0.100 to 0.090)	63.2% and 0.005 and 0.913
5	8	0.148 (0.049 to 0.247)	96.8% and 0.001 and 0.004
6	1	−0.200 (−0.550 to 0.150)	–

				No
Chronic	8	−0.320 (−0.443 to −0.196)	85.2% and 0.001 and 0.001
Non-chronic	5	0.543 (0.418 to 0.668)	96.1% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
Paroxysmal	1	0.500 (−0.059 to 1.059)	–
Persistent	1	0.200 (−0.553 to 0.953)	–
Permanent	4	−0.458 (−0.596 to −0.320)	68.5% and 0.023 and 0.001






>2000	All of studies: after 2000
≤2000

				Yes, probably
Asian	2	14.48 (−1.95 to 30.91)	28.6% and 0.237 and 0.084
European	2	−12.96 (−25.66 to −0.272)	40.8% and 0.194 and 0.045
Africa	–	–	–
North American	–	–	–
South American	–	–	–
Australia	–	–	–

				No
Cohort	3	0.217 (−0.188 to 0.622)	50.9% and 0.130 and 0.294
Case-control	1	20.45 (1.27 to 39.63)	–


>300	All of studies: ≤300
≤300

				No
>60 years	3	−0.132 (−13.084 to 12.82)	78.8% and 0.009 and 0.984
≤60 years	1	−6.60 (−22.517 to 9.317)	–

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	3	−2.78 (−13.37 to 7.79)	79.6% and 0.007 and 0.606


>30%	All of studies: ≤30%
≤30%


>70%	All of studies: ≤70%
≤70%

				Yes, probably
>30%	2	4.43 (−7.81 to 16.80)	77.9% and 0.033 and 0.478
≤30%	2	−17.38 (−34.94 to 0.174)	22.3% and 0.257 and 0.052


>70%	No Data
≤70%

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	2	0.238 (−13.93 to 14.41)	89.4% and 0.002 and 0.974

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	3	−0.132 (−13.08 to 12.82)	78.8% and 0.009 and 0.984

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	2	0.238 (−13.93 to 14.41)	89.4% and 0.002 and 0.974

				Yes, probably
1	–	–	–
2	–	–	–
3	–	–	–
4	2	4.432 (−7.817 to 16.68)	77.9% and 0.033 and 0.478
5	2	−17.38 (−34.94 to 0.174)	22.3% and 0.257 and 0.052
6	–	–	–


Chronic	All of studies: non–chronic
Non-chronic

				No
Paroxysmal	2	0.238 (−13.93 to 14.41)	89.4% and 0.002 and 0.974
Persistent	–	–	–
Permanent	–	–	–




>2000	All of studies: after 2000
≤2000

				Yes, probably
Asian	11	0.136 (−0.013 to 0.284)	34.7% and 0.121 and 0.073
European	11	0.347 (0.120 to 0.574)	65.1% and 0.001 and 0.003
Africa	–	–	–
North American	–	–	–
South American	–	–	–
Australia	–	–	–

				Yes, probably
Cohort	20	0.202 (0.077 to 0.326)	58.6% and 0.001 and 0.002
Case-control	2	−0.344 (−2.282 to 1.594)	0.0% and 0.710 and 0.728

				No
>300	3	0.146 (−0.030 to 0.321)	63.6% and 0.064 and 0.103
≤300	19	0.254 (0.077 to 0.430)	55.1% and 0.002 and 0.005

				Yes, probably
>60 years	10	0.097 (−0.076 to 0.269)	0.0% and 0.498 and 0.272
≤60 years	12	0.310 (0.131 to 0.489)	68.7% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	9	0.251 (0.093 to 0.410)	49.4% and 0.045 and 0.002
≤70%	11	0.107 (−0.108 to 0.323)	62.4% and 0.003 and 0.328

				No
>30%	–	–	–
≤30%	17	0.286 (0.149 to 0.423)	55.7% and 0.003 and 0.001

				No
>70%	1	−0.030 (−0.560 to 0.50)	–
≤70%	20	0.215 (0.087 to 0.344)	58.1% and 0.001 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
>30%	5	0.707 (0.376 to 1.037)	63% and 0.029 and 0.001
≤30%	6	0.032 (−0.261 to 0.325)	0.0% and 0.416 and 0.832

				No
>70%	1	−0.40 (−1.087 to 0.287)	–
≤70%	3	0.202 (−0.012 to 0.417)	0.0% and 0.776 and 0.064

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	13	0.217 (0.067 to 0.367)	68.8% and 0.001 and 0.005

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	11	0.321 (0.117 to 0.525)	71.9% and 0.001 and 0.002

				No
>70%	2	−0.159 (−0.654 to 0.335)	0.0% and 0.322 and 0.528
≤70%	7	0.083 (−0.087 to 0.252)	42.1% and 0.110 and 0.339

				Yes, probably
1	–	–	–
2	4	−0.097 (−0.476 to 0.282)	0.0% and 0.860 and 0.617
3	–	–	–
4	2	0.341 (−0.269 to 0.952)	0.0% and 0.482 and 0.273
5	16	0.230 (0.095 to 0.365)	64.5% and 0.001 and 0.001
6	–	–	–

				No
Chronic	–	–	–
Non-chronic	21	0.181 (0.049 to 0.314)	56.3% and 0.001 and 0.007

				No
Paroxysmal	7	−0.036 (−0.291 to 0.218)	25.6% and 0.233 and 0.781
Persistent	7	−0.077 (−0.383 to 0.229)	0.0% and 0.887 and 0.621
Permanent	–	–	–




>2000	All of studies: after 2000
≤2000

				Yes, probably
Asian	3	0.047 (−0.124 to 0.218)	0.0% and 0.552 and 0.588
European	4	0.750 (0.565 to 0.936)	35.1% and 0.201 and 0.001
Africa	–	–	–
North American	–	–	–
South American	–	–	–
Australia	–	–	–


Cohort	All of studies: cohort
Case-control

				No
>300	2	0.035 (−0.142 to 0.212)	0.0% and 0.340 and 0.698
≤300	5	0.712 (0.533 to 0.891)	41.9% and 0.142 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
>60 years	3	0.476 (0.183 to 0.770)	21.4% and 0.280 and 0.001
≤60 years	4	0.346 (0.207 to 0.485)	90.8% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
>70%	2	0.035 (−0.142 to 0.212)	0.0% and 0.340 and 0.698
≤70%	3	0.804 (0.610 to 0.997)	0.0% and 0.593 and 0.001


>30%	All of studies: ≤30%
≤30%


>70%	All of studies: ≤70%
≤70%

				No
>30%	2	0.851 (0.626 to 1.077)	0.0% and 0.530 and 0.001
≤30%	3	0.476 (0.183 to 0.770)	21.4% and 0.280 and 0.001


>70%	No data
≤70%

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	2	0.819 (0.615 to 1.023)	0.0% and 0.360 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	3	0.767 (0.572 to 0.963)	45.6% and 0.159 and 0.001

				No
>70%	–	0.670 (0.291 to 1.049)	–
≤70%	1		–

				No
1	–	–	–
2	1	0.150 (−0.499 to 0.799)	–
3	–	–	–
4	–	–	–
5	6	0.379 (0.250 to 0.507)	–
6	–	–	–

				No
Chronic	–	–	–
Non-chronic	6	0.527 (0.370 to 0.684)	80% and 0.001 and 0.001

				No
Paroxysmal	2	0.670 (0.349 to 0.991)	0.0% and 1.000 and 0.001
Persistent	1	0.150 (−0.499 to 0.799)	–
Permanent	–	–	–




>2000	All of studies: after 2000
≤2000

				Yes, probably
Asian	3	0.165 (0.051 to 0.279)	79.1% and 0.008 and 0.005
European	2	0.803 (0.560 to 1.045)	0.0% and 0.425 and 0.001
Africa	–	–	–
North American	–	–	–
South American	–	–	–
Australia	–	–	–

				No
Cohort	4	0.264 (0.155 to 0.372)	90.3% and 0.001 and 0.001
Case-control	1	0.440 (0.102 to 0.778)	–

				No
>300	1	0.100 (−0.023 to 0.223)	–
≤300	4	0.705 (0.516 to 0.894)	31.2% and 0.225 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
>60 years	3	0.165 (0.051 to 0.279)	79.1% and 0.008 and 0.005
≤60 years	2	0.803 (0.560 to 1.045)	0.0% and 0.425 and 0.001

				Yes, probably
>70%	2	0.129 (0.008 to 0.250)	85.1% and 0.010 and 0.036
≤70%	3	0.680 (0.483 to 0.877)	43.8% and 0.169 and 0.001


>30%	All of studies: ≤30%
≤30%


>70%	≤70%
≤70%

				No
>30%	3	0.680 (0.483 to 0.877)	43.8% and 0.169 and 0.001
≤30%	–	–	–

				No
>70%	1	(0.329 to 1.671)	–
≤70%	1	0.100 (−0.023 to 0.223)	–

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	3	0.165 (0.051 to 0.279)	79.1% and 0.008 and 0.005

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	1	0.440 (0.102 to 0.778)	–

				No
>70%	1	1.000 (0.329 to 1.671)	–
≤70%	2	0.140 (0.024 to 0.255)	70.8% and 0.064 and 0.018

				No

1	–	–	–
2	–	–	–
3	–	–	–
4	2	0.661 (0.460 to 0.861)	60.3% and 0.113 and 0.001
5	3	0.143 (0.023 to 0.263)	81.2% and 0.005 and 0.020
6	–	–	–


Chronic	All of studies: non–chronic
Non-chronic

				No
Paroxysmal	2	0.511 (0.188 to 0.834)	46.9% and 0.170 to 0.002
Persistent	–	–	–
Permanent	–	–	–




>2000	All of studies: after 2000
≤2000

				No
Asian	5	0.046 (−0.133 to 0.226)	43.2% and 0.133 and 0.613
European	4	0.007 (−0.306 to 0.319)	0.0% and 0.539 and 0.967
Africa	–	–	–
North American	–	–	–
South American	–	–	–
Australia	–	–	–

				No
Cohort	8	0.029 (−0.131 to 0.189)	23.1% and 0.246 and 0.723
Case-control	1	0.170 (−0.506 to 0.846)	–

				No
>300	2	0.095 (−0.099 to 0.288)	54.4% and 0.139 and 0.336
≤300	7	−0.070 (−0.331 to 0.191)	1.2% and 0.451 and 0.598

				No
>60 years	5	−0.057 (−0.258 to 0.144)	3.0% and 0.390 and 0.576
≤60 years	4	0.177 (−0.069 to 0.422)	1.5% and 0.385 and 0.159

				No
>70%	3	0.056 (−0.133 to 0.245)	65.4% and 0.056 and 0.563
≤70%	5	0.035 (−0.248 to 0.319)	0.0% and 0.672 and 0.807


>30%	All of studies: ≤30%
≤30%


>70%	All of studies: ≤70%
≤70%

				No
>30%	4	0.070 (−0.233 to 0.374)	0.0% and 0.582 and 0.650
≤30%	2	−0.314 (−0.933 to 0.306)	0.0% and 0.645 and 0.321

				No
>70%	1	−0.800 (−1.706 to 0.106)	–
≤70%	1	0.00 (−0.231 to 0.231)	–

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	5	−0.047 (−0.238 to 0.144)	0.0% and 0.494 and 0.630

				No
>70%	–	–	–
≤70%	4	−0.096 (−0.442 to 0.250)	0.0% and 0.734 and 0.587

				No
>70%	1	−0.800 (−1.706 to 0.106)	–
≤70%	3	0.002 (−0.208 to 0.213)	0.0% and 0.782 and 0.984

				No
1	–	–	–
2	–	–	–
3	–	–	–
4	2	0.236 (−0.161 to 0.632)	0.0% and 0.814 and 0.244
5	7	0.00 (−0.169 to 0.169)	25.5% and 0.234 and 0.998
6	–	–	–

				No
Chronic	–	–	–
Non-chronic	8	−0.031 (−0.204 to 0.142)	0.0% and 0.513 and 0.727

				No
Paroxysmal	3	−0.070 (−0.531 to 0.391)	0.0% and 0.603 and 0.766
Persistent	–	–	–
Permanent	–	–	–

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Prediction of New-Onset and Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation by Complete Blood Count Tests: A Comprehensive Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

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