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04 May 2016 : Laboratory Research  

Multiple Differential Networks Strategy Reveals Carboplatin and Melphalan-Induced Dynamic Module Changes in Retinoblastoma

Cui ChenE, Feng-Wei MaB, Cui-Yun DuC, Ping WangA

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.897877

Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:1508-1515

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common malignant tumor of the eye in childhood. The objective of this paper was to investigate carboplatin (CAR)- and melphalan (MEL)-induced dynamic module changes in RB based on multiple (M) differential networks, and to generate systems-level insights into RB progression.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: To achieve this goal, we constructed M-differential co-expression networks (DCNs), assigned a weight to each edge, and identified seed genes in M DCNs by ranking genes based on their topological features. Starting with seed genes, a module search was performed to explore candidate modules in CAR and MEL condition. M-DMs were detected according to significance evaluations of M-modules, which originated from refinement of candidate modules. Further, we revealed dynamic changes in M-DM activity and connectivity on the basis of significance of Module Connectivity Dynamic Score (MCDS).

RESULTS: In the present study, M=2, a total of 21 seed genes were obtained. By assessing module search, refinement, and evaluation, we gained 18 2-DMs. Moreover, 3 significant 2-DMs (Module 1, Module 2, and Module 3) with dynamic changes across CAR and MEL condition were determined, and we denoted them as dynamic modules. Module 1 had 27 nodes of which 6 were seed genes and 56 edges. Module 2 was composed of 28 nodes and 54 edges. A total of 28 nodes interacted with 45 edges presented in Module 3.

CONCLUSIONS: We have identified 3 dynamic modules with changes induced by CAR and MEL in RB, which might give insights in revealing molecular mechanism for RB therapy.

Keywords: Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic - drug effects, Carboplatin - therapeutic use, Gene Regulatory Networks - drug effects, Melphalan - therapeutic use, Retinoblastoma - genetics

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750