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03 March 2019 : Animal Research  

Expression of S100B Protein in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Brain Injury After Cyclosporine Therapy: A Biochemical Serum Marker with Prognostic Value?

Christos Dimopoulos12ABCDEFG*, Christos Damaskos34AB, Marios Papadakis5CDE, Nikolaos Garmpis4F, Konstantinos Kontzoglou4ABDEF, Despina Perrea3ABDEF, Stavros Moraitis6B, Afroditi Daskalopoulou3AB, Irini Papaspirou6BC, Sotirios Georgopoulos7ADF, Nikolaos Nikiteas34ABDEF

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.912810

Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:1637-1644

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence has indicated that S100B protein may be involved in the pathophysiology of ischemia-reperfusion brain injury. Cyclosporine has been shown to have neuroprotective functions. This study investigated the effect of cyclosporine on S100B serum levels and the severity of brain tissue damage in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R).

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twelve-week-old Wistar male rats were randomly divided into Control I/R and Cyclosporine I/R groups (n=10 each). Cyclosporine was given orally by gavage for 5 days prior to cerebral I/R, at a total volume of 15 mg/kg/day. The Control group received an equal volume of saline. Body weight was measured and all animals were subjected to 60-min focal ischemia by filament occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. ELISA was used to assess the concentrations of serum S100B and development of brain infarct size and neurological outcomes were determined at 2 and 24 h after occlusion withdrawal.

RESULTS: Cyclosporine improved the neurological deficit score and decreased the cerebral infarct size and body weight. S100B serum levels were significantly elevated in Cyclosporine-treated rats compared with untreated Control rats during the reperfusion phase. Total infarct size was positively associated with S100B serum levels in the Control I/R group, but no significant correlation was observed in the Cyclosporine I/R group.

CONCLUSIONS: Cyclosporine seems to affect both ischemia-reperfusion brain tissue damage and S100B protein serum levels. S100B serum level appears to be a state marker for the severity of the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, rather than a trait marker for Cyclosporine responsiveness.

Keywords: brain infarction, Cyclosporine, Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain, S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit, Brain, Brain Injuries, Brain Ischemia, cerebral infarction, Neuroprotective Agents, Rats, Wistar

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750