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03 October 2017 : Laboratory Research

[Retracted: 17 Nov 2021] Role of Paeonol in an Astrocyte Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Maosheng Ye1ACDEF*, Yuxin Yi2ABC, Shixing Wu2ABC, Yong Zhou1DE, Dongjie Zhao1DF

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.906716

Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:4740-4748

The authors wish to retract the article. In this article, they found that astrocytes that were pretreated with paeonol significantly rescued MPP+-induced cell viability reduction, and inhibited up-regulation of cell apoptosis, caspase-1 activity, COX2, iNOS, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, as well as p-JNK and p-ERK. These findings suggest that paeonol is a neuroprotective agent suitable for use in treatment of PD. However, in subsequent research, they examined the protein levels of p-JNK/p-ERK/p-P38 in different groups. Results showed that in the MPP+ groups, not all these protein levels were higher than those in the control group, because of the flawed data presentations. They also used western blot analysis to assess protein levels of Bax and Bcl-2 in astrocytes. Compared with the control group, Bax protein level was increased, while Bcl-2 protein level was decreased after treatment with MPP+, and these changes were not reversed by paeonol. Based on the above, they ascertained that there must have been some serious mistake in their experiment. As a result, all authors agreed to retract this article. Reference: Maosheng Ye, Yuxin Yi, Shixing Wu, Yong Zhou, Dongjie Zhao. Role of Paeonol in an Astrocyte Model of Parkinson Disease. Med Sci Monit, 2017; 23: 4740-4748. DOI: 10.12659/MSM.906716

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Inflammation and neural degeneration are implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. Paeonol has been verified to attenuate inflammation.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridnium ion (MPP+, 100 μM) was used to induce the cell model of PD in primary cultured astrocytes. Astrocyte cell viability and apoptosis were determined by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry (FCM), respectively. Protein levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) in culture medium were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay. Protein levels of casapse-1, COX2, iNOS, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax), Bcl-2, and phosphorylated Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK)/phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK)/p-P38 were examined by Western blot.

RESULTS: Pretreatment with paeonol remarkably rescued MPP+-induced cell viability reduction, up-regulation of cell apoptosis, caspase-1 activity, COX-2, iNOS, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in primary astrocytes. Furthermore, paeonol repressed MPP+ -induced elevation of p-JNK/p-ERK in primary cultured astrocytes.

CONCLUSIONS: The present study found that paeonol protected cells from apoptosis by repressing the activation of the JNK/ERK related signalling pathway induced by MPP+ in astrocytes. We propose that paeonol is a neuroprotective agent for the treatment of PD patients, with great promise in the future.

Keywords: Retracted Publication

Retraction note

Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e935439     https://medscimonit.com/abstract/index/idArt/935439
 
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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750