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22 October 2018 : Clinical Research  

MAD2 Combined with Mitotic Spindle Apparatus (MSA) and Anticentromere Antibody (ACA) for Diagnosis of Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)

Yang Wu1AE, Liming Tan1A*, Juanjuan Chen1C, Hua Li1C, Houqun Ying1C, Yongqing Jiang1B, Qiong Wu1D, Guofang Yu1F, Yongjian Tian1F, Jianlin Yu1D, Tingting Zeng1F, Linxian Yan2G, Chuan Liu3B

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.909772

Med Sci Monit 2018; 24: CLR7541-7547

Abstract

BACKGROUND: MAD2 is the gene controlling mitosis. Many studies have assessed MAD2 in various types of carcinoma. Antinuclear mitotic spindle apparatus antibody (MSA) and anticentromere antibody (ACA) are related mitotic antibodies, playing roles in autoimmune diseases and carcinomas, but the expression of MAD2, MSA, and ACA in SCLC is unclear.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: We enrolled 70 SCLC patients, 72 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and 65 pulmonary nodule (PN) patients. MAD2 expression was measured through agarose electrophoresis and qt-PCR. Antinuclear mitotic spindle apparatus antibody (MSA) and anticentromere antibody (ACA) were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF).

RESULTS: MAD2 was found both in SCLC and NSCLC. Interestingly, there was a significant difference found between SCLC and NSCLC using qt-PCR (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of MAD2 expression was 0.799, with medium diagnostic value. MAD2 expression was related to age, lymphatic metastasis, and survival time, but not with sex. The positivity for MSA and ACA by IIF assay were 37.20% and 34.00%, respectively, in the SCLC group, which were higher than in the NSCLC and pulmonary nodule groups (P<0.05). The kappa values of MSA and ACA with MAD2 expression were 0.73 and 0.65, respectively, with moderate consistency. Combining MAD2 with MSA and ACA enhanced the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing SCLC.

CONCLUSIONS: MAD2 expression was found to be involved in carcinogenesis and prognosis of SCLC. The combination of MAD2 with MSA and ACA is useful for early diagnosis and shows promise in treatment of SCLC.

Keywords: Autoantibodies, Diagnosis, Mad2 Proteins, Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750