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22 September 2019 : Case report  Greece

A Rare Coexistence of Medullary Thyroid Cancer with Graves Disease: A Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature

Rare disease

Konstantinos Sapalidis1AE, Anastasios Papanastasiou1EF*, Nikolaos Michalopoulos1B, Stylianos Mantalovas1B, Dimitrios Giannakidis1ABCDEFG, Georgios D. Koimtzis1FG, Maria Florou1F, Christos Poulios2B, Niki Mantha2B, Isaak I. Kesisoglou1AE

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.917642

Am J Case Rep 2019; 20:1398-1401

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Graves disease is occasionally associated with thyroid cancer. The most common histological type of thyroid cancer in patients with Graves disease is papillary followed by follicular. Medullary thyroid cancer and Graves disease have been reported simultaneously only in a few cases in the literature.

CASE REPORT: A case of coexistence of Graves disease and medullary thyroid cancer is described in this report. The patient was diagnosed with Graves disease 8 years ago. Although he had an initial successful treatment with carbimazole, in the last 2 years no steady euthyroid function was achieved. Total thyroidectomy was considered as the optimal treatment. An incidental medullary microcarcinoma with maximum diameter 0.5 cm was identified by pathology report.

CONCLUSIONS: Medullary thyroid cancer has been reported in patients with Graves disease in 15 cases, including the current case. Medullary thyroid cancer is aggressive, and a delayed diagnosis would be harmful. Hence, patients with Graves disease should be evaluated regularly by a thyroid specialist.

Keywords: Carcinoma, Medullary, Graves Disease, Thyroidectomy, Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine, Incidental Findings

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923