03 March 2020 : Animal Research
Promotion of G1/S Transition and Inhibition of Inflammatory Cytokine Production by Hydroxypyridinone-Coumarin in Osteoarthritis Rats
Kai Yang1BCD, Gang Chen2BCD, Xiongxun Wang3ADEF*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.920784
Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920784
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is a joint disorder characterized by articular cartilage degradation leading to joint stiffness and pain. The present study investigated the effect of hydroxypyridinone-coumarin on proliferation of chondrocytes.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Chondrocyte proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, and distribution of cells in various phases of the cell cycle was determined using flow cytometry. RT-PCR and Western blot assays were used for assessment of mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Osteoarthritis was induced in the rats by injecting monosodium iodoacetate (5 mg/kg) by the intra-articular route. The rats in the treatment groups were intraperitoneally injected with 5, 10, or 15 mg/kg doses of hydroxypyridinone-coumarin alternately for 1 month.
RESULTS: The proliferation of chondrocytes was increased significantly (P<0.05) by treatment with hydroxypyridinone-coumarin in a concentration-based manner. The increase in chondrocyte proliferation by hydroxypyridinone-coumarin was maximum at 50 µM. Treatment with hydroxypyridinone-coumarin markedly increased chondrocyte population in S and G2/M phases, with subsequent reduction in G0/G1 phase. The cyclin D1, CDK4, and CDK6 levels in the chondrocytes were increased by treatment with hydroxypyridinone-coumarin. The production of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the osteoarthritis rats was markedly suppressed by hydroxypyridinone-coumarin. Treatment of the OA rats with hydroxypyridinone-coumarin markedly reduced the expression of IκB-α and NF-κB p65.
CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed that the proliferative potential of chondrocytes is increased by hydroxypyridinone-coumarin through acceleration of G1/S transition. Moreover, hydroxypyridinone-coumarin treatment reduced inflammatory cytokine production in the osteoarthritis rats. Therefore, hydroxypyridinone-coumarin should be evaluated further for possible use in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
Keywords: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Chondrocytes, Cytokines, Cartilage, Articular, Coumarins, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6, G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Interleukins, NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha, Osteoarthritis
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