Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, Migration Inhibition, and Autophagy-Induced by Crude Ricin from Ricinus communis Seeds in A549 Lung Cancer Cell Lines

Irma Erika Herawati; Ronny Lesmana; Jutti Levita; Anas Subarnas

doi:10.12659/MSMBR.936683

07 July 2022: Laboratory Research

Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, Migration Inhibition, and Autophagy-Induced by Crude Ricin from Seeds in A549 Lung Cancer Cell Lines

Irma Erika Herawati ^12ABCDEF , Ronny Lesmana ^345ABDEF , Jutti Levita ^ABD1EF , Anas Subarnas ^1ABCDEFG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSMBR.936683

Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2022; 28:e936683

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Figure 1 Cytotoxicity of crude ricin (CR) and cisplatin on A549 lung cancer cells at various concentrations in the 48-h treatment. Data are presented as mean±standard error minimum (SEM) (n=3).

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Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, Migration Inhibition, and Autophagy-Induced by Crude Ricin from Seeds in A549 Lung Cancer Cell Lines

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