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07 July 2022: Laboratory Research

Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, Migration Inhibition, and Autophagy-Induced by Crude Ricin from Seeds in A549 Lung Cancer Cell Lines

Irma Erika Herawati 12ABCDEF , Ronny Lesmana 345ABDEF , Jutti Levita ABD1EF , Anas Subarnas 1ABCDEFG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSMBR.936683

Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2022; 28:e936683

Table 1 Percentage of viable, early apoptotic, late apoptotic, and necrotic A549 cancer cells in the cisplatin and crude ricin (CR) treatment with significant effect between control and CR in stage of apoptosis (a,b,c).

Treatment (ppm)Viable cells (Q4)Early apoptosis (Q3)Late apoptosis (Q2)Necrosis (Q1)
Control96.85±0.421.49±0.0851.56±0.120.32±0.54
Cisplatin 0.582.65±0.147.94±1.676.16±0.474.37±1.29
Cisplatin 186.40±5.805.70±1.245.01±2.021.74±5.02
Cisplatin 277.20±0.2815.40±0.056.41±0.211.29±0.57
CR 0.566.85±0.7925.80±0.096.82±0.180.54±0.71
CR 153.65±0.7835.90±1.687.99±5.042.45±0.71
CR 249.30±15.7038.35±1.378.83±1.993.58±15.06

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Medical Science Monitor Basic Research eISSN: 2325-4416
Medical Science Monitor Basic Research eISSN: 2325-4416